As we already know, ultrasonic baths are complex and technologically demanding devices. Like any complex device, ultrasonic baths have multiple components and subcomponents. For easier understanding, we can say that ultrasonic baths have four main parts, which are:
- Ultrasonic generator,
- Piezoelectric transducers,
- Housing (box), and
- Tank (reservoir).
The ultrasonic generator is an essential part of every ultrasonic bath, and its operation is based on an oscillating circuit that generates an electric impulse with a specific frequency, current, and voltage. This electric signal is delivered to the piezoelectric transducer, which is glued to the ultrasonic bath tank using a special adhesive. Using the piezoelectric effect, under the influence of the electric signal, the piezoelectric transducer compresses and expands, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, i.e., ultrasonic waves. These mechanical longitudinal waves are transmitted through the vessel to the medium (liquid). The ability of the liquid to ideally penetrate all cracks, cavities, and gaps in the object allows the ultrasonic waves to reach every smallest surface of the object.
Under the influence of ultrasonic waves, the liquid compresses and expands, leading to cavitation, which results in the formation of vacuum bubbles. Each bubble strikes the object being cleaned with a pressure of around 650 to 700 bar, detaching the accumulated dirt particles from the homogeneous material of the item being cleaned.
Depending on the model, ultrasonic baths can be equipped with one or more generators, as well as the required number of piezoelectric transducers.
The tanks of our ultrasonic baths are made of AISI 316L stainless steel, while on the market, you can find ultrasonic baths with tanks made from cheaper AISI 304, which is resistant to weaker acidic solutions.
The housings of ultrasonic baths can be made of black sheet metal or stainless steel of various grades. If made of black sheet metal, they must be protected from corrosion with an electrostatically applied plastic coating, which is later polymerized in special ovens.
Almost all models of ultrasonic baths are equipped with heaters and automatic temperature control components to switch off the heating. Depending on the volume, heaters of different powers are installed, and the heating control components can be either analog or digital.
The same applies to the timer that regulates the operating time of the ultrasonic generators. The timer can be either analog (mechanical) or digital.